Stations With Lowest Probability of Busting a Call: CQ WW 2017 and 2018

Prior posts in this series:

• Initial analysis
• Further analysis
• CQ WW SSB 2005 to 2016 
• CQ WW CW 2005 to 2016
• Non-Run QSOs, CQ WW 2005 to 2016
• Run QSOs, CQ WW 2005 to 2016

Throughout this post, I apply the procedures developed in the second post above.

I begin with an ordered list of the stations with the lowest probabilities of busting a call in 2017 CQ WW SSB.

2017 CQ WW SSB -- weighted mean values of $p_{bust}$
Position	Call	weighted mean	$Q_v$	$B$
1	OH0X	0.0010	978	0
2	C6ARW	0.0010	2,058	1
3	K1ZZ	0.0012	1,715	1
4	F4FTA	0.0012	800	0
5	DF2RG	0.0014	774	0
6	DJ8OG	0.0015	2,169	2
7	EW1P	0.0015	1,355	1
8	NH6V	0.0015	1,299	1
9	K2EP	0.0016	627	0
10	UW7W	0.0016	1,266	1

It is also interesting to plot the aggregated probability function for $p_{bust}$, weighted by the number of verified QSOs, $Q_v$, for all stations:

The location of the vertical line represents the weighted mean of the probability curve.

For 2018 CQ WW SSB:

2018 CQ WW SSB -- weighted mean values of $p_{bust}$
Position	Call	weighted mean	$Q_v$	$B$
1	DF2RG	0.0011	887	0
2	N4PQX	0.0012	768	0
3	N9NB	0.0013	758	0
4	OM0WR	0.0013	732	0
5	KA1ZD	0.0013	1,500	1
6	YT5IVN	0.0014	1,402	1
7	WA2FZB	0.0015	628	0
8	JM1NKT	0.0016	602	0
9	KV1J	0.0017	582	0
10	W1CU	0.0017	579	0

For 2017 CQ WW CW:

2017 CQ WW CW -- weighted mean values of $p_{bust}$
Position	Call	weighted mean	$Q_v$	$B$
1	K0KX	0.0005	1,682	0
2	DM5EE	0.0006	1,430	0
3	K1ZZ	0.0007	3,028	1
4	YO5OHO	0.0007	1,376	0
5	DP4X	0.0007	1,315	0
6	WE9V	0.0007	1,256	0
7	UT4U	0.0008	1,244	0
8	JH8SLS	0.0008	1,206	0
9	SP6MLX	0.0009	1,077	0
10	K2XR	0.0009	1,069	0

For 2018 CQ WW CW:

2018 CQ WW CW -- weighted mean values of $p_{bust}$
Position	Call	weighted mean	$Q_v$	$B$
1	HB9ARF	0.0006	1,432	0
2	K6LL	0.0007	1,371	0
3	OM6RM	0.0007	1,286	0
4	UW1WU	0.0008	1,218	0
5	KG4V	0.0008	1,206	0
6	W3KB	0.0008	1,153	0
7	EW1P	0.0008	1,116	0
8	EU4E	0.0009	1,067	0
9	W2CDO	0.0009	1,011	0
10	DF2RG	0.0010	997	0

We can limit the analysis to calling stations (i.e., not the running station).

2017 CQ WW SSB and CW:

2017 CQ WW SSB -- weighted mean values of $p_{bust}$ (non-run)
Position	Call	weighted mean	$Q_v$	$B$
1	EW1P	0.0008	1,132	0
2	DL6NDW	0.0012	829	0
3	DJ8OG	0.0013	762	0
4	DF2RG	0.0013	761	0
5	F4FTA	0.0015	633	0
6	K1ZZ	0.0015	1,304	1
7	SK6AW	0.0015	628	0
8	K2EP	0.0016	614	0
9	UW7W	0.0016	1,234	1
10	IZ4JMA	0.0016	592	0

2017 CQ WW CW -- weighted mean values of $p_{bust}$ (non-run)
Position	Call	weighted mean	$Q_v$	$B$
1	RM9A	0.0005	1,834	0
2	ES9C	0.0006	1,662	0
3	K0KX	0.0007	1,325	0
4	SP2LNW	0.0008	1,241	0
5	R7MM	0.0008	1,239	0
6	DM5EE	0.0008	1,160	0
7	ED2C	0.0008	1,122	0
8	RF9C	0.0009	1,096	0
9	LY3B	0.0009	1,068	0
10	UZ3A	0.0010	991	0

2018 CQ WW SSB and CW:

2018 CQ WW SSB -- weighted mean values of $p_{bust}$ (non-run)
Position	Call	weighted mean	$Q_v$	$B$
1	9A2EU	0.0010	976	0
2	YT5IVN	0.0011	880	0
3	DF2RG	0.0011	868	0
4	K5ZD	0.0013	749	0
5	K3PP	0.0013	744	0
6	N4PQX	0.0013	736	3
7	LX7I	0.0015	632	0
8	N9NB	0.0015	628	0
9	WA2FZB	0.0016	589	0
10	K3OO	0.0017	575	0

2018 CQ WW CW -- weighted mean values of $p_{bust}$ (non-run)
Position	Call	weighted mean	$Q_v$	$B$
1	HG6N	0.0006	1,619	0
2	UX1VT	0.0007	1,391	0
3	S54X	0.0007	1,374	0
4	DL1WA	0.0007	1,307	0
5	K1AR	0.0008	1,209	0
6	NR4M	0.0008	1,148	0
7	RT4M	0.0008	1,138	0
8	LY5W	0.0008	1,111	0
9	K3PH	0.0009	1,100	0
10	W8FJ	0.0009	1,087	0

And similarly for running stations.

2017 CQ WW SSB and CW:

2017 CQ WW SSB -- weighted mean values of $p_{bust}$ (run)
Position	Call	weighted mean	$Q_v$	$B$
1	C6ARW	0.0010	1,925	1
2	CF7RR	0.0013	1,557	1
3	OH0X	0.0014	694	0
4	HP1XT	0.0016	621	0
5	OH0V	0.0017	2,337	3
6	TK9R	0.0018	3,982	6
7	NH6V	0.0019	1,035	1
8	PY2KJ	0.0021	1,456	2
9	DJ8OG	0.0021	1,407	2
10	VA2WA	0.0022	1,853	3

2017 CQ WW CW -- weighted mean values of $p_{bust}$ (run)
Position	Call	weighted mean	$Q_v$	$B$
1	K1ZZ	0.0004	2,294	0
2	W1GD	0.0011	888	0
3	8S0DX	0.0011	873	0
4	SN1Y	0.0012	1,714	1
5	N3ER	0.0013	749	0
6	EU4E	0.0013	747	0
7	UT4U	0.0013	731	0
8	OM0WR	0.0013	1,517	1
9	JH8SLS	0.0014	710	0
10	S59ABC	0.0014	2,898	3

2018 CQ WW SSB and CW:

2018 CQ WW SSB -- weighted mean values of $p_{bust}$ (run)
Position	Call	weighted mean	$Q_v$	$B$
1	OM0WR	0.0014	697	0
2	MI0I	0.0023	423	0
3	PY2KJ	0.0025	1,207	2
4	ZF9CW	0.0025	3,973	9
5	OQ5M	0.0025	1,190	2
6	KA1ZD	0.0026	381	0
7	PY2UD	0.0028	715	1
8	LY9A	0.0028	711	1
9	UW2M	0.0029	1,050	2
10	M0MCV	0.0029	1,049	2

2018 CQ WW CW -- weighted mean values of $p_{bust}$ (run)
Position	Call	weighted mean	$Q_v$	$B$
1	HB9ARF	0.0008	1,139	0
2	K8CX	0.0012	800	0
3	EU4E	0.0012	772	0
4	YU0A	0.0012	770	0
5	OH8X	0.0013	2,322	2
6	ZR2A	0.0013	1,485	1
7	R7MM	0.0014	691	0
8	UA9LAO	0.0014	682	0
9	DF3AX	0.0015	629	0
10	DK2GZ	0.0017	573	0

We can also look at the changes over the period from 2005 to 2018.

First for all QSOs:

For non-run QSOs:

And for run QSOs:

Most-Logged Stations in CQ WW CW and SSB Contests, 2018

The public CQ WW CW and SSB logs allow us easily to tabulate the stations that appear in the largest number of entrants' logs. For 2018, the ten stations with the largest number of appearances in (augmented) CQ WW SSB logs were:

Callsign	Appearances	% logs
CN3A	9,585	61
D4C	8,440	55
EF8R	8,369	56
ES9C	7,649	50
LZ9W	7,643	48
M6T	7,249	49
FY5KE	7,158	46
PZ5K	7,089	46
PJ4G	6,898	43
DF0HQ	6,746	46

The first column in the table is the callsign. The second column is the total number of times that the call appears in logs. That is, if a station worked CN3A on six bands, that will increment the value in the second column of the CN3A row by six. The third column is the percentage of logs that contain the callsign at least once.

For comparison, here is the equivalent table for 2017:

Callsign	Appearances	% logs
CN3A	10,347	62
EF8R	9,099	56
CN2R	8,649	55
LZ9W	8,251	53
CN2AA	8,090	54
ES9C	7,941	53
M6T	7,856	52
A73A	7,501	47
PZ5K	7,481	45
DF0HQ	7,372	50

Similarly, the ten stations with the largest number of appearances in CQ WW CW 2018 were:

Callsign	Appearances	% logs
EF8R	12,063	72
CN3A	11,603	70
P33W	10,804	67
CR3DX	10,546	67
9A1A	10,518	69
TK0C	10,318	65
LZ9W	10,026	67
M6T	9,785	65
ES9C	9,521	62
PJ2T	9,455	57

And the equivalent table for 2017:

Callsign	Appearances	% logs
TK0C	10,719	63
9A1A	10,594	65
M6T	9,884	62
CR3W	9,783	61
YT5A	9,692	63
PJ2T	9,661	53
EF8R	9,538	60
LZ9W	9,257	60
V47T	9,128	55
CN2AA	9,092	58

We can also perform the same analysis for, say, a ten-year span, to show which stations have most consistently appeared in other stations' logs. So, for CQ WW SSB for the period 2009 to 2018, we find:

Callsign	Appearances	% logs
LZ9W	84,898	56
CN3A	84,806	59
DF0HQ	78,670	54
PJ2T	71,826	47
OT5A	71,036	51
K3LR	69,954	49
P33W	66,944	49
A73A	63,280	46
CN2R	59,700	45
V26B	57,338	41

And for CW over the same span:

Callsign	Appearances	% logs
9A1A	99,223	67
LZ9W	96,166	66
PJ2T	91,295	57
DF0HQ	84,414	61
P33W	83,190	59
W3LPL	74,354	52
K3LR	73,820	52
PJ4A	69,920	51
LX7I	66,448	50
CR3L	64,432	44

Call Busts and Reverse Busts: CQ WW 2018

This is the latest in a series of posts on (callsign) busts and reverse busts in the CQ WW contests. These posts are based on the various public CQ WW logs (cq-ww-2005--2018-augmented.xz; see here for details of the augmented format).

Prior posts in the series on busts and reverse busts in CQ WW:

• 2005
• 2006 
• 2007
• 2008 
• 2009 
• 2010
• 2011 
• 2012
• 2013 
• 2014
• 2015 
• 2016
• 2017 

In this post, we include only verified QSOs; that is, QSOs for which both parties submitted a log.

First, the tables for the CQ WW SSB 2018:

2018 SSB -- Most Busts
Position	Call	QSOs	Busts	% Busts
1	V26B	6,160	166	2.7
2	CN3A	9,457	159	1.7
3	D4C	8,295	155	1.9
4	LZ9W	7,558	142	1.9
5	TM0T	4,189	136	3.2
6	A44A	3,944	135	3.4
7	ZF1A	6,423	115	1.8
8	OK5Z	3,634	112	3.1
9	EF8R	8,357	107	1.3
10	OT5A	5,021	106	2.1

2018 SSB -- Most Reverse Busts
Position	Call	QSOs	Reverse Busts	% Reverse Busts
1	OG60F	4,258	486	11.4
2	HC0E	1,873	274	14.6
3	TM3R	3,605	233	6.5
4	DF0HQ	6,857	195	2.8
5	KL7RA	4,622	157	3.4
6	IK2YCW	4,021	150	3.7
7	EF8R	8,357	148	1.8
8	JA3YBK	3,509	140	4.0
9	JE2YRB	1,362	140	10.3
10	ED3M	3,152	131	4.2

2018 SSB -- Highest Percentage of Busts (≥100 QSOs)
Position	Call	QSOs	% Busts
1	YB2BNN	136	16.9
2	SP9KB	189	14.8
3	UB3AQA	129	13.2
4	IU8GYT	210	12.4
5	YC1HLT	108	12.0
6	KE0KOT	101	11.9
7	R7AC	112	11.6
8	W7UPF	137	10.9
9	TA3PZ	152	10.5
10	9W6VAT	143	10.5

2018 SSB -- Highest Percentage of Reverse Busts (≥100 QSOs)
Position	Call	QSOs	% Reverse Busts
1	HC0E	1,873	14.6
2	OG60F	4,258	11.4
3	BY4QA	437	11.2
4	9M2SDX	135	11.1
5	BV2A/3	443	11.1
6	W6MOB	101	10.9
7	JE2YRB	1,362	10.3
8	IK3SSJ	207	9.7
9	9M6GOH	288	9.0
10	IK3XTY	123	8.9

Now the tables for the 2018 CW data:

2018 CW -- Most Busts
Position	Call	QSOs	Busts	% Busts
1	TK0C	10,328	175	1.7
2	OZ5E	6,144	149	2.4
3	D41CV	7,456	144	1.9
4	CN3A	11,670	141	1.2
5	LZ9W	9,958	132	1.3
6	F6KOP	3,738	129	3.5
7	NP2P	3,369	120	3.6
8	RW0A	6,524	116	1.8
9	G3V	6,593	113	1.7
10	RM9A	8,834	112	1.3

2018 CW -- Most Reverse Busts
Position	Call	QSOs	Reverse Busts	% Reverse Busts
1	PE75W	1,408	412	29.3
2	ES9C	9,696	322	3.3
3	JS3CTQ	2,455	320	13.0
4	CN3A	11,670	278	2.4
5	DF0HQ	8,658	274	3.2
6	EF8R	12,115	271	2.2
7	OG60F	5,561	232	4.2
8	RM9A	8,834	213	2.4
9	UA4S	5,283	208	3.9
10	CR3W	8,586	173	2.0

2018 CW -- Highest Percentage of Busts (≥100 QSOs)
Position	Call	QSOs	% Busts
1	KD5QHV	116	23.3
2	YO7LYM	250	18.8
3	W3ICM	107	18.7
4	OH1LAR	156	18.6
5	PA0SKP	204	18.1
6	K4KAY	235	17.9
7	W4PH	198	17.7
8	LA6M	225	17.0
9	GD4EIP	453	16.8
10	VE5WI	180	16.7

2018 CW -- Highest Percentage of Reverse Busts (≥100 QSOs)
Position	Call	QSOs	% Reverse Busts
1	PE75W	1,408	29.3
2	YU1LG	167	19.2
3	DK3HM	294	15.6
4	K3HW	414	14.7
5	PY2LPM	103	14.6
6	OG55W	463	14.0
7	JS3CTQ	2,455	13.0
8	SA0BXV	157	12.7
9	JA8HBO	103	12.6
10	G0AZS	188	12.2

Now we look at the tables that integrate ten years' data.

For SSB:

2009 to 2018 SSB -- Most Busts
Position	Call	QSOs	Busts	% Busts
1	LZ9W	83,740	1,456	1.7
2	OT5A	69,414	1,363	2.0
3	PJ2T	70,851	1,324	1.9
4	CN3A	83,700	1,316	1.6
5	A73A	62,374	1,260	2.0
6	HG1S	42,980	868	2.0
7	EF8R	50,246	850	1.7
8	V26B	56,636	843	1.5
9	JA7YRR	28,832	821	2.8
10	HG7T	54,081	785	1.5

2009 to 2018 SSB -- Most Reverse Busts
Position	Call	QSOs	Reverse Busts	% Reverse Busts
1	DF0HQ	79,704	2,301	2.9
2	JA3YBK	41,284	1,311	3.2
3	K3LR	69,728	1,078	1.5
4	CN2R	59,585	1,027	1.7
5	WE3C	36,245	976	2.7
6	CN3A	83,700	891	1.1
7	HG1S	42,980	884	2.1
8	S52ZW	32,848	847	2.6
9	W3LPL	53,037	800	1.5
10	HK1NA	40,363	788	2.0

2009 to 2018 SSB -- Highest Percentage of Busts (≥500 QSOs)
Position	Call	QSOs	% Busts
1	PV8ADI	858	16.2
2	K2JMY	2,062	14.8
3	EA7JQT	572	12.4
4	EA1HTF	1,244	11.9
5	PU1MMZ	544	11.4
6	K8TS	679	10.9
7	PU2TRX	868	10.8
8	YB9KA	557	10.1
9	HC2GF	936	10.0
10	E20WXA	594	9.9

2009 to 2018 SSB -- Highest Percentage of Reverse Busts (≥500 QSOs)
Position	Call	QSOs	% Reverse Busts
1	CW90A	1,370	30.9
2	BA8AG	752	16.4
3	BW2/KU1CW	940	12.3
4	OG60F	4,258	11.4
5	ZP6DYA	1,226	11.3
6	V84SCQ	806	10.5
7	LU9DDJ	701	10.4
8	JE2YRB	1,362	10.3
9	BV55D	919	10.2
10	JG3SVP	1,270	10.1

 And for CW:

2009 to 2018 CW -- Most Busts
Position	Call	QSOs	Busts	% Busts
1	PJ2T	90,264	1,260	1.4
2	LZ9W	95,211	1,193	1.3
3	PV8ADI	8,127	1,177	14.5
4	PI4CC	53,794	1,056	2.0
5	OZ5E	30,550	824	2.7
6	9A1A	98,218	809	0.8
7	PJ4A	69,325	806	1.2
8	HG1S	35,367	801	2.3
9	D4C	56,710	788	1.4
10	RW0A	47,270	768	1.6

2009 to 2018 CW -- Most Reverse Busts
Position	Call	QSOs	Reverse Busts	% Reverse Busts
1	JS3CTQ	24,173	3,139	13.0
2	DF0HQ	86,422	3,073	3.6
3	ES9C	59,162	1,834	3.1
4	W2FU	56,827	1,456	2.6
5	K3LR	74,177	1,408	1.9
6	DR1A	49,284	1,290	2.6
7	IR4X	44,952	1,274	2.8
8	NR4M	54,508	1,184	2.2
9	HG7T	58,224	1,178	2.0
10	W0AIH	29,076	1,151	4.0

2009 to 2018 CW -- Highest Percentage of Busts (≥500 QSOs)
Position	Call	QSOs	% Busts
1	W2UDT	911	19.8
2	BD3MV	1,005	19.2
3	YO7LYM	1,711	17.0
4	JA3AHY	554	16.6
5	DJ5UZ	686	16.5
6	WP3Y	570	16.3
7	AE3D	1,016	15.8
8	YU1NIM	619	15.8
9	AD7XG	1,178	15.4
10	SM5BJT	615	14.6

2009 to 2018 CW -- Highest Percentage of Reverse Busts (≥500 QSOs)
Position	Call	QSOs	% Reverse Busts
1	G3RWF	943	99.9
2	RZ3VO	1,792	49.9
3	YT65A	1,149	37.2
4	5K0A	1,853	32.1
5	OG55W	3,032	29.4
6	PE75W	1,408	29.3
7	DP65HSC	516	16.9
8	5J1E	1,523	15.6
9	SB0A	1,102	15.5
10	YP0HQ	1,787	14.0

NB: In tables of reverse busts, one sometimes finds what seems like an unreasonable number of reverse busts (as, in this table, for G3RWF). This is generally caused by a discrepancy between the call actually sent by the listed station and the one recorded as being sent in at least some QSOs in the log, although it can, of course, be due to an unusual callsign structure or poor signal quality.

Augmented Logs for ARRL DX CW and SSB Contests, 2018

Links to the augmented logs may be followed here.

The augmented logs for the ARRL DX contests contain the same information as the cleaned logs, but with the addition of some useful (derived) information on each line. The information added to each line comprises:

1. The sequence of four characters that are the same for each entry in a particular log:
•  a. letter "A" or "U" indicating "assisted" or "unassisted"
•  b. letter "Q", "L", "H" or "U", indicating respectively QRP, low power, high power or unknown power level
•  c. letter "S", "M", "C" or "U", indicating respectively a single-operator, multi-operator, checklog or unknown operator category 
•  d. character "1", "2", "+" or "U", indicating respectively that the number of transmitters is one, two, unlimited or unknown
2. A four-digit number representing the time if the contact in minutes measured from the start of the contest. (I realise that this can be calculated from the other information on the line, but it saves subsequent processors of the file considerable time to have the number readily available in the file without having to calculate it each time.)
3. Band
4. A set of fourteen flags, each -- apart from column k and column n -- encoded as T/F: 
   • a. QSO is confirmed by a log from the second party 
   • b. QSO is a reverse bust (i.e., the second party appears to have bust the call of the first party) 
   • c. QSO is an ordinary bust (i.e., the first party appears to have bust the call of the second party) 
   • d. the call of the second party is unique 
   • e. QSO appears to be a NIL 
   • f. QSO is with a station that did not send in a log, but who did make 20 or more QSOs in the contest 
   • g. QSO appears to be a country mult (may be T for W/VE stations only)
   • h. QSO appears to be a state/province mult (may be T for DX stations only)
   • i. QSO is a zone bust (i.e., the received zone appears to be a bust)
   • j. QSO is a reverse zone bust (i.e. the second party appears to have bust the zone of the first party)
   • k. This entry has three possible values rather than just T/F:
     • T: QSO appears to be made during a run by the first party
     • F: QSO appears not to be made during a run by the first party
     • U: the run status is unknown because insufficient frequency information is available in the first party's log
   • l. QSO is a dupe
   • m. QSO is a dupe in the second party's log
   • n. RBN information (see below)
5. If the QSO is a reverse bust, the call logged by the second party; otherwise, the placeholder "-"
6. If the QSO is an ordinary bust, the correct call that should have been logged by the first party; otherwise, the placeholder "-"
7. If the QSO is a reverse exchange bust, the exchange logged by the second party; otherwise, the placeholder "-"
8.  If the QSO is an ordinary exchange bust, the correct exchange that should have been logged by the first party; otherwise, the placeholder "-"

RBN Information

In the CW contests from 2009 onwards, the RBN has been active, automatically spotting the frequency at which any station calling CQ was transmitting. To reflect possible use of RBN information, the augmented files include a fourteenth column. For the sake of uniformity, this column is present in all the augmented files, regardless of whether the RBN actually contributed useful information to a particular contest.

Each QSO has one of several characters in the fourteenth column of flags. These characters should be interpreted as follows:

'-'
  No useful RBN-derived information is available for this QSO.

'0'
  The worked station (i.e., the second call on the log line) appears to have begun to CQ on this frequency within (roughly) 60 seconds prior to the QSO.

'A' to 'Z'
  For the nth letter of the alphabet: the worked station appears to have been CQing on this frequency for (roughly) n minutes prior to the QSO.

'+'
  The worked station appears to have been CQing for more than 26 minutes on this frequency.

'<'
  Because the the RBN is distributed, and because each contest entrant station has its own clock, there is generally a skew between the reading of the clock of the station making the QSO and the timestamp from the RBN at which it believes a posting was made (indeed, it's unclear from the RBN's [lack of] documentation exactly how the timestamp on an individual RBN posting is to be interpreted). If the character '<' appears in the the RBN column, it indicates that the raw values of the clocks suggest that the QSO took place up to two minutes before the RBN reported the worked station commencing to CQ at this frequency. When this occurs, the most likely interpretation is that there is non-negligible skew between the two clocks, and the station was actually worked almost as soon as a CQ was posted by the RBN. But it might also mean that the entrant was simply lucky and found the CQing station just as it fired up on a new frequency.

Notes:

• The encoding of some of the flags requires subjective decisions to be made as to whether the flag should be true or false; consequently, and because the ARRL has yet to understand the importance of making the scoring code public, the value of a flag for a specific QSO line in some circumstances might not match the value that the ARRL has assign. (Also, the ARRL has more, non-public, data available.)
• I made no attempt to deduce or infer the run status of a QSO in the second party's log (if such exists), regardless of the status in the first party's log. This allows one cleanly to perform correct statistical analyses anent the number of QSOs made by running stations merely by excluding QSOs marked with a U in column k.
• No attempt is made to detect the case in which both participants of a QSO bust the other station's call. This is a problematic situation because of the relatively high probability of a false positive unless both stations log the frequency as opposed to the band. (Also, on bands on which split-frequency QSOs are common, the absence of both transmit and receive frequency is a problem.) Because of the likelihood of false positives, it seems better, given the presumed rarity of double-bust QSOs, that no attempt be made to mark them.
• The entries for the exchanges in the case of exchange or reverse exchange busts are normalised to two-digit values in the same manner as the exchanges in the cleaned.

Evaluating Station Contributions to the Reverse Beacon Network: 2018

Applying the algorithm described here to the Reverse Beacon Network data for 2018 (MD5: 5b8b43cba22b7a0cf601da34a6ac3f04) we obtain the following tables for the stations that, on the basis of that algorithm, made the highest-valued contributions  for that year:

Band	Position	Call	Value
ALL	1	WZ7I	460,849
ALL	2	DO4DXA	332,225
ALL	3	HA1VHF	322,626
ALL	4	KM3T	318,081
ALL	5	LZ7AA	317,787
ALL	6	W3OA	311,988
ALL	7	KM3T-2	305,442
ALL	8	DL9GTB	299,445
ALL	9	S50ARX	283,796
ALL	10	OH6BG	276,609

Band	Position	Call	Value
10m	1	N6TV	23,032
10m	2	DO4DXA	22,996
10m	3	ON5KQ	21,887
10m	4	KM3T	21,011
10m	5	WZ7I	16,051
10m	6	G0LUJ	14,081
10m	7	VE7CC	11,883
10m	8	OE6TZE	11,358
10m	9	OH6BG	9,196
10m	10	WI5V	8,408

Band	Position	Call	Value
12m	1	VU3KAZ	3,629
12m	2	CT1BOH	2,987
12m	3	WZ7I	2,279
12m	4	M0ORD	2,250
12m	5	OH6BG-1	2,012
12m	6	OH6BG	1,921
12m	7	JH7CSU-1	1,906
12m	8	VE7CC	1,787
12m	9	EA5WU	1,713
12m	10	JA4ZRK	1,703

Band	Position	Call	Value
15m	1	VU3KAZ	26,648
15m	2	WZ7I	24,189
15m	3	OH6BG	14,718
15m	4	S50ARX	13,876
15m	5	ON5KQ	13,406
15m	6	LZ7AA	12,995
15m	7	EA5WU	12,715
15m	8	CT1BOH	11,976
15m	9	JH7CSU-1	11,803
15m	10	KM3T	11,449

Band	Position	Call	Value
17m	1	WZ7I	34,375
17m	2	CT1BOH	17,874
17m	3	KM3T	17,654
17m	4	OH6BG	17,540
17m	5	K1RA	17,484
17m	6	ON5KQ	13,831
17m	7	VU3KAZ	11,307
17m	8	M0ORD	11,103
17m	9	VE7CC	9,980
17m	10	OH6BG-1	9,515

Band	Position	Call	Value
20m	1	WZ7I	152,026
20m	2	KM3T	121,002
20m	3	LZ7AA	117,328
20m	4	DL9GTB	104,718
20m	5	KM3T-2	97,442
20m	6	OH6BG	92,055
20m	7	VE2WU	89,325
20m	8	DO4DXA	83,883
20m	9	SM2IUF	81,357
20m	10	W3OA	79,303

Band	Position	Call	Value
30m	1	WZ7I	50,203
30m	2	W3OA	44,003
30m	3	KM3T-2	39,492
30m	4	HB9DCO	33,284
30m	5	OH6BG-1	30,436
30m	6	ON5KQ	30,196
30m	7	HB9JCB	29,439
30m	8	HA6PX	27,525
30m	9	OH6BG	23,414
30m	10	SV8RV	21,235

Band	Position	Call	Value
40m	1	LZ7AA	122,580
40m	2	W3OA	115,719
40m	3	DO4DXA	110,218
40m	4	WZ7I	107,749
40m	5	KM3T-2	104,078
40m	6	S50ARX	102,392
40m	7	JO1YYP	99,018
40m	8	DL9GTB	90,953
40m	9	KM3T	83,841
40m	10	HA6PX	83,477

Band	Position	Call	Value
80m	1	DL9GTB	63,306
80m	2	DO4DXA	63,150
80m	3	DL3KR	57,942
80m	4	HB9DCO	53,191
80m	5	S50ARX	52,475
80m	6	W3OA	52,168
80m	7	LZ7AA	48,041
80m	8	OE6TZE	44,473
80m	9	HA6PX	44,100
80m	10	F5RRS	43,919

Band	Position	Call	Value
160m	1	HA1VHF	126,104
160m	2	AC0C	37,878
160m	3	DK8NE	28,719
160m	4	DL3KR	24,618
160m	5	M0ORD	24,517
160m	6	JO1YYP	22,273
160m	7	DO4DXA	20,821
160m	8	OH6BG	20,602
160m	9	HB9DCO	20,406
160m	10	WZ7I	20,059

Evaluating Station Contributions to the Reverse Beacon Network: 2017

Applying the algorithm described here to the Reverse Beacon Network data for 2017 (MD5: 9e77caa3039999ed0fffc09dd0d1983d) we obtain the following tables for the stations that, on the basis of that algorithm, made the highest-valued contributions  for that year:

Band	Position	Call	Value
ALL	1	DL9GTB	432,407
ALL	2	OH6BG	375,781
ALL	3	WZ7I	358,732
ALL	4	KM3T	339,567
ALL	5	EA5WU	314,839
ALL	6	HA1VHF	299,917
ALL	7	HA6PX	297,774
ALL	8	S50ARX	288,444
ALL	9	SM6FMB	281,517
ALL	10	DJ9IE	270,632

Band	Position	Call	Value
10m	1	OH6BG	44,579
10m	2	ON5KQ	41,626
10m	3	KM3T	30,851
10m	4	WZ7I	30,457
10m	5	KU7T	18,795
10m	6	DJ9IE	15,105
10m	7	DF4UE	13,784
10m	8	DO4DXA	12,837
10m	9	N6TV	9,344
10m	10	SK3W	8,618

Band	Position	Call	Value
12m	1	OH6BG	5,319
12m	2	EA5WU	3,238
12m	3	DF4UE	2,691
12m	4	3B8CW	2,147
12m	5	VU2PTT	2,053
12m	6	DJ9IE	1,989
12m	7	KO7SS	1,965
12m	8	UA6SWL	1,723
12m	9	WZ7I	1,643
12m	10	JF2IWL	1,642

Band	Position	Call	Value
15m	1	WZ7I	25,397
15m	2	OH6BG	22,407
15m	3	EA5WU	20,800
15m	4	W3LPL	18,867
15m	5	DL9GTB	17,638
15m	6	ON5KQ	16,685
15m	7	KM3T	14,713
15m	8	K1TTT	14,429
15m	9	WA7LNW	13,988
15m	10	S50ARX	13,977

Band	Position	Call	Value
17m	1	OH6BG	31,432
17m	2	WZ7I	24,013
17m	3	W3LPL	19,002
17m	4	EA5WU	18,796
17m	5	DJ9IE	17,361
17m	6	KM3T	14,673
17m	7	ON5KQ	14,449
17m	8	KO7SS	14,107
17m	9	HB9BXE	13,072
17m	10	HA1VHF	11,374

Band	Position	Call	Value
20m	1	DL9GTB	152,291
20m	2	WZ7I	128,424
20m	3	KM3T	119,067
20m	4	OH6BG	116,200
20m	5	LZ7AA	105,599
20m	6	EA5WU	104,489
20m	7	SV8RV	88,920
20m	8	K1TTT	87,993
20m	9	HA6PX	80,253
20m	10	GW8IZR	77,944

Band	Position	Call	Value
30m	1	OH6BG	40,002
30m	2	HA6PX	39,435
30m	3	GW8IZR	35,775
30m	4	EA5WU	34,717
30m	5	DJ9IE	32,399
30m	6	DL9GTB	29,247
30m	7	SM6FMB	28,762
30m	8	K1TTT	26,793
30m	9	ON5KQ	25,415
30m	10	HB9DCO	24,347

Band	Position	Call	Value
40m	1	DL9GTB	124,205
40m	2	S50ARX	101,096
40m	3	SM6FMB	92,791
40m	4	EA5WU	83,173
40m	5	LZ7AA	82,196
40m	6	KM3T	80,840
40m	7	DO4DXA	80,353
40m	8	WZ7I	77,596
40m	9	HA1VHF	76,449
40m	10	K1TTT	76,328

Band	Position	Call	Value
80m	1	DL9GTB	88,151
80m	2	SK3W	60,415
80m	3	S50ARX	56,984
80m	4	HA6PX	55,646
80m	5	SM6FMB	50,232
80m	6	DJ9IE	47,463
80m	7	DO4DXA	46,467
80m	8	F5RRS	44,379
80m	9	ES5PC	42,511
80m	10	IK3STG	42,215

Band	Position	Call	Value
160m	1	HA1VHF	90,309
160m	2	DK8NE	51,493
160m	3	HA6PX	21,805
160m	4	SK3W	21,252
160m	5	F4KJI	21,161
160m	6	KM3T	19,952
160m	7	OH6BG	19,328
160m	8	DF4UE	19,093
160m	9	GW8IZR	18,095
160m	10	WZ7I	16,493

Evaluating Station Contributions to the Reverse Beacon Network: 2016

Applying the algorithm described here to the Reverse Beacon Network data for 2016 (MD5: a6224d4ff5eaedc5eb8e191f2c523dd3) we obtain the following tables for the stations that, on the basis of that algorithm, made the highest-valued contributions  for that year:

Band	Position	Call	Value
ALL	1	DF4UE	617,880
ALL	2	DL9GTB	496,721
ALL	3	WZ7I	403,008
ALL	4	KM3T	383,612
ALL	5	EA5WU	372,811
ALL	6	HA6PX	360,581
ALL	7	S50ARX	337,422
ALL	8	SK3W	323,836
ALL	9	F5RRS	310,663
ALL	10	SV8RV	281,114

Band	Position	Call	Value
10m	1	DF4UE	51,538
10m	2	KM3T	48,079
10m	3	NO1D	28,539
10m	4	N6TV	20,664
10m	5	W4KKN	18,744
10m	6	WZ7I	14,523
10m	7	HA6PX	14,441
10m	8	OH6BG	13,345
10m	9	PJ2A	10,116
10m	10	DJ3AK	10,046

Band	Position	Call	Value
12m	1	DF4UE	15,712
12m	2	KO7SS	6,377
12m	3	EA5WU	6,044
12m	4	KM3T	4,895
12m	5	VU2PTT	4,341
12m	6	ET3AA	3,173
12m	7	OH6BG	2,972
12m	8	DF7GB	2,668
12m	9	WZ7I	2,513
12m	10	NC7J	2,432

Band	Position	Call	Value
15m	1	DF4UE	74,361
15m	2	WZ7I	58,524
15m	3	DL9GTB	49,832
15m	4	JF2IWL	43,436
15m	5	EA5WU	36,496
15m	6	KM3T	31,657
15m	7	KO7SS	30,971
15m	8	VU2PTT	30,397
15m	9	UD4FD	29,056
15m	10	S50ARX	26,726

Band	Position	Call	Value
17m	1	DF4UE	39,374
17m	2	WZ7I	29,976
17m	3	EA5WU	26,023
17m	4	KM3T	23,187
17m	5	OH6BG	20,031
17m	6	KO7SS	19,549
17m	7	W3LPL	18,870
17m	8	F5RRS	17,870
17m	9	DJ9IE	17,278
17m	10	WA7LNW	15,325

Band	Position	Call	Value
20m	1	DF4UE	177,043
20m	2	DL9GTB	161,288
20m	3	WZ7I	150,241
20m	4	KM3T	125,736
20m	5	SK3W	111,329
20m	6	EA5WU	111,018
20m	7	S50ARX	108,668
20m	8	SV8RV	106,081
20m	9	F5RRS	102,429
20m	10	UD4FD	98,075

Band	Position	Call	Value
30m	1	HA6PX	52,112
30m	2	DF4UE	48,715
30m	3	EA5WU	44,484
30m	4	SV8RV	40,436
30m	5	DL9GTB	37,855
30m	6	K1TTT	34,777
30m	7	GW8IZR	34,256
30m	8	F6IIT	30,316
30m	9	DF7GB	28,936
30m	10	ON5KQ	27,765

Band	Position	Call	Value
40m	1	DL9GTB	127,151
40m	2	HA2KSD	108,895
40m	3	DF4UE	108,667
40m	4	S50ARX	108,139
40m	5	EA5WU	90,706
40m	6	SK3W	88,679
40m	7	JA4ZRK	82,078
40m	8	WZ7I	79,996
40m	9	K1TTT	79,790
40m	10	F6IIT	78,562

Band	Position	Call	Value
80m	1	DL9GTB	95,408
80m	2	SK3W	75,411
80m	3	DF4UE	73,005
80m	4	HA6PX	67,509
80m	5	S50ARX	54,532
80m	6	F5RRS	50,155
80m	7	DF7GB	49,909
80m	8	OE6TZE	49,770
80m	9	SM6FMB	43,117
80m	10	ES5PC	42,480

Band	Position	Call	Value
160m	1	HA1VHF	39,362
160m	2	DK8NE	37,203
160m	3	HA6PX	26,114
160m	4	SK3W	24,714
160m	5	DF4UE	24,356
160m	6	KM3T	23,130
160m	7	F4KJI	21,372
160m	8	GW8IZR	20,647
160m	9	AC0C	19,124
160m	10	ES5PC	16,678

Evaluating Station Contributions to the Reverse Beacon Network: 2015

Applying the algorithm described here to the Reverse Beacon Network data for 2015 (MD5: 71bbfc79c974e3152c544b8185063fd0) we obtain the following tables for the stations that, on the basis of that algorithm, made the highest-valued contributions  for that year:

Band	Position	Call	Value
ALL	1	DF4UE	950,227
ALL	2	DL9GTB	616,470
ALL	3	KM3T	549,710
ALL	4	ON5KQ	460,890
ALL	5	OH6BG	452,520
ALL	6	WZ7I	433,974
ALL	7	K1TTT	377,032
ALL	8	HA1VHF	342,930
ALL	9	SK3W	337,866
ALL	10	GW8IZR	324,468

Band	Position	Call	Value
10m	1	DF4UE	157,661
10m	2	KM3T	130,866
10m	3	OH6BG	58,489
10m	4	ON5KQ	51,369
10m	5	W4KKN	50,434
10m	6	NO1D	37,922
10m	7	WZ7I	35,089
10m	8	DL9GTB	29,947
10m	9	N6TV	28,468
10m	10	VK3FFB	24,486

Band	Position	Call	Value
12m	1	DF4UE	37,240
12m	2	KM3T	18,146
12m	3	OH6BG	17,479
12m	4	K1TTT	11,428
12m	5	WZ7I	11,071
12m	6	EA5WU	8,615
12m	7	DF7GB	8,121
12m	8	VU2PTT	7,957
12m	9	DQ8Z	7,578
12m	10	GW8IZR	7,106

Band	Position	Call	Value
15m	1	DF4UE	137,916
15m	2	DL9GTB	93,588
15m	3	WZ7I	78,357
15m	4	KM3T	73,368
15m	5	OH6BG	62,949
15m	6	K1TTT	54,120
15m	7	JF2IWL	53,410
15m	8	ON5KQ	51,272
15m	9	OZ5W	51,219
15m	10	N7TR	48,363

Band	Position	Call	Value
17m	1	DF4UE	52,013
17m	2	OH6BG	51,274
17m	3	ON5KQ	40,021
17m	4	KM3T	34,386
17m	5	WZ7I	28,109
17m	6	K1TTT	26,902
17m	7	EA5WU	26,502
17m	8	TF3Y	21,509
17m	9	DJ9IE	20,514
17m	10	DF7GB	19,842

Band	Position	Call	Value
20m	1	DF4UE	211,400
20m	2	DL9GTB	195,392
20m	3	OH6BG	141,937
20m	4	KM3T	133,266
20m	5	WZ7I	127,144
20m	6	K1TTT	115,626
20m	7	SK3W	110,535
20m	8	VE2WU	107,216
20m	9	SE0X	90,129
20m	10	EA5WU	88,484

Band	Position	Call	Value
30m	1	DF4UE	67,450
30m	2	ON5KQ	65,527
30m	3	DL9GTB	49,999
30m	4	GW8IZR	40,504
30m	5	DF7GB	36,331
30m	6	KM3T	34,558
30m	7	K1TTT	34,181
30m	8	WZ7I	32,929
30m	9	DJ9IE	32,099
30m	10	OH6BG	29,223

Band	Position	Call	Value
40m	1	DL9GTB	148,597
40m	2	DF4UE	146,920
40m	3	ON5KQ	91,085
40m	4	K1TTT	87,147
40m	5	WZ7I	86,253
40m	6	HA2KSD	81,072
40m	7	SK3W	80,072
40m	8	HA1VHF	79,915
40m	9	DF7GB	78,812
40m	10	JA4ZRK	76,841

Band	Position	Call	Value
80m	1	DF4UE	99,488
80m	2	DL9GTB	74,637
80m	3	SK3W	62,069
80m	4	ON5KQ	52,464
80m	5	OE6TZE	44,328
80m	6	DF7GB	43,919
80m	7	SE0X	42,940
80m	8	IK3STG	40,502
80m	9	HA6PX	38,287
80m	10	GW8IZR	35,912

Band	Position	Call	Value
160m	1	HA1VHF	77,730
160m	2	DK8NE	68,165
160m	3	DF4UE	33,075
160m	4	GW8IZR	17,973
160m	5	SE0X	16,622
160m	6	OE6TZE	16,272
160m	7	KM3T	15,909
160m	8	UA4M	15,331
160m	9	AC0C	14,460
160m	10	ON5KQ	14,353